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Matching Livestock Systems with Available Resources |
MEKARN Regional Conference 2007 |
Ileal and total tract digestibility in fattening pigs fed ensiled cassava root (ECR) based diets with inclusion of protein of cassava leaves and sweet potato vines in both silage and dry form was studied in a 6 x 6 Latin Square design. In four of the experimental diets dried cassava leaves (DCL), ensiled cassava leaves (ECL), dried sweet potato vines (DSPV) and ensiled sweet potato vines (ESPV) were included as the sole protein source. In the other two diets, protein was supplied from a 50 : 50 (DM basis) mixture of cassava leaves and sweet potato vines in dried or ensiled form. The six diets were formulated to contain 120 g CP/kg DM and 13 MJ ME / kg DM. Soybean oil was added to the experiment diets to equalize the calculated content of metabolizable energy. Daily feed allowance was 3 kg 100kg –1 of body weight for each individual animal.
The daily feed intakes of DM and dietary components were significantly different among diets (P<0.001). Due to differences in DM intake, the daily intakes of OM, CP, CF and NDF were significantly different among diets (P<0.001).
There were no differences (P>0.05) in the coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) of OM among diets but there were significant differences among diets (P<0.05) in the CIAD of DM, CP and NDF. Similarly, there were significant differences coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of DM, OM, CP, CF and NDF among diets (P<0.05). The CIAD of DM, OM and CP in the ECL, ESPV and Mix –E diets tended to be higher than in the DCL, DSPV and the Mix- D diets. The CTTAD of DM, OM, CP, CF and NDF were higher in the diets which contained protein from ECL, ESPV and Mix-E than from DCL, DSPV and Mix – D. The CIAD and CTTAD of CP and NDF in the diets which contained protein from the mixture of cassava leaves and sweet potato vine tended to be higher than (P< 0.05) in the diets that contained protein from cassava leaves or sweet potato vine as the sole protein source in both silage and dry form.
There were significantly different coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) of most amino acids among diets (P<0.05), except for methionine, alanine, glutamic acid and serine. The CIAD of AA in the ECL, ESPV and Mix –E diets tended to be higher than in the DCL, DSPV and the Mix- D diets. There were no significant differences in CIAD of AA between dried and ensiled cassava leaves. The CIAD of histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, threonine, tyrosine, alanine and aspartic acid in the diets which contained protein from the mixture of cassava leaves and sweet potato vines were higher than in the diets that contained protein from ECL and DCL (P< 0.05).
It was concluded that cassava leaves and sweet potato vine have the potential to improve dietary protein and amino acids supply in diets for pigs.