Back to Content

MEKARN Conference 2010
 Live stock production, climate change and resource depletion

 

Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic on growth performance, feed conversion and blood fat components of growing –finishing pigs

Nguyen Nhut Xuan Dung, Do Vo Anh Khoa, Luu Huu Manh, Dang Thi Ngoc Han

Cantho University, Vietnam
nnxdung@ctu.edu.vn

 

Abstract

This study was conducted with two trials to exam the effect of garlic or/and turmeric on performance, feed conversion and blood fat components of growing –finishing pigs. The first trial evaluated the use of garlic with three treatments, a basal diet, two basal diets supplemented with fresh or dried garlic at level of 0.1%. The second consisted of five treatments, which were fed a basal diet (control), or supplemented with turmeric at 0.05% (treatment 1); 0.05% turmeric plus 0,05% garlic (treatment 2), 0.1% turmeric (treatment 3) and 0.1% turmeric plus 0.1% garlic. Feeding trials were done from growing to finishing. The effect of garlic supplementation on growth was not different among treatments, but pigs fed 0.1% dried garlic tended higher gain than those of the control and 0.1% fresh garlic. Blood parameters were similar among treatments, cholesterol and LDL-C contents were significantly reduced in the diets supplemented with fresh and dried garlic, while HDL-C and triglycerides were not improved. Similarity, the growth rate, feed conversion ratio and blood parameters of pigs in the second trial were in similar, the combination of garlic and turmeric at 0.1% resulted in significant reductions of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (P<0,01). The results show that dried garlic and garlic plus turmeric have great potential in reducing blood cholesterol. 
Key words: cholesterol, triglycerides, fresh and dried garlic, turmeric, pigs.

 

 

 

 

Table 1. Effect of fresh and dried garlic on peformance of pigs

 

Control

Dried garlic

Fresh garlic

SEM

P

Growing period, kg

 

 

 

Initial

31,5

32

31,5

0,75

 

Final

55,25

70,75

58,75

4,81

 

Gain, kg

23,75

38,75

27,25

4,82

0,12

ADG, kg/day

0,494

0,807

0,565

0,10

0,12

Finishing, kg

 

 

 

Initial

55,25

70,75

58,75

4,81

 

Final

93,13

111,2

92,33

5,25

 

Gain, kg

38,00

40,50

33,50

4,33

0,54

ADG, kg/day

0,73

0,778

0,645

0,08

0,54

Overall

 

 

 

 

 

Gain, kg

61,75

79,25

60,5

5,28

0,06

ADG, kg/day

0,616

0,792

0,606

0,05

0,06

Bachfat thickness, mm

13,75

13,5

14,75

0,89

0,59

 

Table 2. Effect of fresh and dried garlic on intake of pigs

 

Control

Dried garlic

Fresh garlic

SEM

P

Growing period, kg

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

65,86

80,46

60,72

5,97

0,10

Daily feed intake, kg

1,37

1,68

1,27

0,13

0,10

FCR

2,88

2,08

2,70

0,42

0,40

Finishing, kg

 

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

103,2

114,6

100,6

5,81

0,24

Daily feed intake, kg

2,15

2,39

2,093

0,12

0,24

FCR

2,81

2,86

3,29

0,41

0,66

Overall

 

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

175,0

204,3

168,3

12,60

0,15

Daily feed intake, kg

1,75

2,04

1,682

0,13

0,15

FCR

2,84

2,58

2,828

0,13

0,35

 

Table 3. Effect of fresh and dried garlic on blood parameters of growing pigs

 

 

Control

Dried garlic

Fresh garlic

SEM

P

WBC x 109/l

17,73

14,03

17,95

3,42

0,67

RBC x 1012/l

5,10

5,40

5,68

0,51

0,73

HGB, g/l

71,50

81,75

83,25

6,98

0,46

HCT, %

30,00

34,00

35,00

0,03

0,48

MCV, fl

58,25

62,48

61,25

1,48

0,17

MCH, pg

14,15

15,23

14,70

0,55

0,42

MCHC, g/l

242,8

244,3

240,0

6,12

0,85

PLT x 109/l

213,0

175,3

251,8

59,33

0,67

 

Table 4. Effect of fresh and dried garlic on blood parameters of finishing pigs

 

Chỉ tiêu(1)

Control

Dried garlic

Fresh garlic

SEM

P

WBC x 109/l

20,80

20,13

19,98

2,63

0,97

RBC x 1012/l

5,78

6,07

6,03

0,33

0,80

HGB, g/l

81,50

95,25

86,75

4,67

0,17

HCT, %

0,34

0,39

0,36

0,02

0,18

MCV, fl

58,95

63,93

60,48

1,79

0,19

MCH, pg

14,20

15,73

14,45

0,63

0,24

MCHC, g/l

239,50

245,75

238,75

4,27

0,48

PLT, 109/l

326,25

197,00

298,25

46,53

0,17

 

Table 5.  Effect of fresh and dried garlic on bood fat components of finishing pigs

 

Chỉ tiêu 

Control

Dried garlic

Fresh garlic

SEM

P

Cholesterol

2,09a

0,92b

0,98b

0,20

0,01

Triglyceride

0,08

0,09

0,13

0,02

0,43

HDL-C

0,34

0,32

0,28

0,03

0,39

LDL-C

1,71a

0,31b

0,64b

0,18

0,01

Ghi chú: CHOL: hàm lượng cholesterol toàn phần, HDL-C: Hight-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, LDL-C: Low-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, TRIG: triglyceride.

 

2. TRIAL 2

Table 6.  Effect of turmeric or/and garlic on peformance of pigs

 

Control

Turmeric

0,05%

Turmeric

0,05%+ garlic 0.05%

Turmeric

0,1%

NTurmeric

0,1%+ garlic 0.1%

SEM

P

Growing period, kg

 

 

 

 

 

Initial

30,55

29,25

29,50

30,00

29,50

0,51

 

Final

52,25

58,75

61,25

54,25

59,75

4,34

 

Gain, kg

21,70

29,50

31,75

24,25

30,25

4,48

0,48

ADG, kg/day

0,52

0,70

0,76

0,58

0,72

0,11

0,48

Finishing, kg

 

 

 

 

 

Initial

52,25

58,75

61,25

54,25

59,75

4,34

 

Final

85,75

92,00

96,50

81,00

92,75

8,74

 

Gain, kg

33,50

33,25

35,25

26,75

33,00

4,86

0,77

ADG, kg/day

0,73

0,72

0,77

0,58

0,72

0,11

0,77

Overall

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gain, kg

55,25

62,75

67,00

51,00

63,25

8,92

0,77

ADG, kg/day

0,63

0,71

0,76

0,58

0,72

0,10

0,71

Bachfat thickness, mm

13,9

13,95

12,35

16,3

12,68

1,149

0,18

 

 

 

Table 7.  Effect of turmeric or/and garlic on feed intake of pigs

 

 

Control

Turmeric

0,05%

Turmeric

0,05%+ garlic 0.05%

Turmeric

0,1%

NTurmeric

0,1%+ garlic 0.1%

SEM

P

Growing period, kg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

50,25

49,00

66,25

58,25

58,00

3,65

0,02

Daily feed intake, kg

1,28

1,25

1,18

1,38

1,18

0,11

0,68

FCR

2,37

2,33

2,09

2,57

2,10

0,50

0,95

Finishing, kg

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

96,16

77,50

87,20

75,75

87,77

7,70

0,36

Daily feed intake, kg

2,00

2,03

1,82

2,12

1,92

0,12

0,49

FCR

2,97

2,59

2,47

2,94

2,77

0,31

0,75

Overall

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Feed intake, kg

146,2

124,3

144,5

141,0

138,0

6,65

0,20

Daily feed intake, kg

1,68

1,68

1,53

1,79

1,59

0,11

0,53

FCR

2,64

2,55

2,16

2,91

2,31

0,41

0,74

 

Table 8.  Effect of turmeric or/and garlic on blood parameters of growing pigs

 

 

Control

Turmeric

0,05%

Turmeric

0,05%+ garlic 0.05%

Turmeric

0,1%

NTurmeric

0,1%+ garlic 0.1%

SEM

P

WBC, 109/l

17,73

24,50

23,05

22,78

28,88

3,57

0,33

RBC, 1012/l

5,10

5,62

5,57

5,52

6,09

0,40

0,55

HGB, g/l

71,50

83,50

81,25

82,75

90,00

5,84

0,31

HCT, %

0,30

0,34

0,33

0,34

0,38

0,02

0,25

MCV, fl

29,58

33,65

33,43

34,08

37,58

2,30

0,25

MCH, pg

58,25

60,03

60,20

61,95

61,68

1,77

0,60

MCHC, g/l

14,15

14,88

14,60

15,18

14,78

0,53

0,73

PLT, 109/l

242,75

247,75

242,75

245,50

239,50

3,62

0,58

 

Table 8.  Effect of turmeric or/and garlic on blood parameters of finishing pigs

 

Chỉ tiêu 

Control

Turmeric

0,05%

Turmeric

0,05%+ garlic 0.05%

Turmeric

0,1%

NTurmeric

0,1%+ garlic 0.1%

SEM

P

WBC, 109/l

20,80

21,68

19,73

20,80

20,78

2,74

0,99

RBC, 1012/l

5,78

5,25

6,23

5,98

6,18

0,34

0,28

HGB, g/l

81,50

80,50

90,25

92,25

93,50

6,48

0,49

HCT, %

0,34

0,33

0,37

0,38

0,38

0,02

0,47

MCV, fl

58,95

61,63

59,45

62,55

61,55

1,90

0,63

MCH, pg

14,20

11,58

14,53

15,40

15,13

1,55

0,45

MCHC, g/l

239,50

246,00

243,75

246,50

245,50

3,88

0,71

PLT, 109/l

326,25

212,50

330,75

215,25

245,50

42,60

0,17

 

 

Table 5.  Effect of turmeric or/and garlic on bood fat components of finishing pigs

 

 

Control

Turmeric

0,05%

Turmeric

0,05%+ garlic 0.05%

Turmeric

0,1%

NTurmeric

0,1%+ garlic 0.1%

SEM

P

Cholesterol

2,09ab

2,79a

1,4bc

1,56bc

0,85c

0,27

0,01

Triglycerides

0,08

0,11

0,13

0,07

0,14

0,04

0,59

HDL-C

0,34

0,36

0,33

0,35

0,33

0,03

0,93

LDL-C

1,71ab

2,38a

1,02bc

1,18bc

0,45c

0,26

0,01