Effects of replacement of antibiotics with natural –antibiotics (garlic juice and powder) on immune responses, performance and economic efficiency of Luong Phuong broiler chickens in North Vietnam 

Do Viet Minh, Le Thi Hong Thao, Pham Cong Thieu* and Tran Quoc Tuan*, Nguyen Thi Nga** and Nguyen Quy Khiem**

Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Processing
*Center for Livestock Genetic Conservation and Feed Processing Station;
**Thuyphuong Poultry Research Centre
National Institute of Animal Husbandry Hanoi, + 84 04, Vietnam

Abstract

Two  experiments were conducted to produce natural-antibiotics (garlic juice and drying) and evaluate the effect of  replacement of antibiotics with natural-antibiotics (garlic juice and dried products) on immune responses, performance and economic efficiency of Luongphuong broiler chicken. First experiment was carried out to determine antibiotic contents of garlic juice and power with two processing methods (traditional and drying methods). The results showed that allicin content (phyto-antibiotic content) of garlic juice (fresh juice) and power (oven-dried garlic) was 300 and 200 mg/kg DM, repectively and was reduced 33 % for the drying methods compared to the traditional method (garlic juice extraction). Second experiment was conducted with two testing. First testing was carried to determine the effect of replacement antibiotic with garlic juice on inhibiting capacity to the bateria (E.Coli) growing with ten agar plates were poured using aseptic methods on 0.2ml of broth culture of E.coli, which has been taken from digestive tract of broiler chickens and incubated overnight. The results showed that  replacement 10 mg tylosine with 10 mg allicin (30 ml of garlic juice concentration ) can be inhibited to the bateria (E.coli) without growing in agar conditions. The second testing was carried with a completely randomized design (CRD) with five dietary treatments and four replicates (12 birds/replicate) of 240 LuongPhuong chickens from 4 to 12 weeks to evaluate the effects of replacement of antibiotic with garlic juice and dry on performance and economic efficiency of Luongphuong broiler chickens.

Mean daily dry matter intakes (DMI) of control (antibiotic supplementation and vaccination), dried garlic supplemented, garlic juice supplemented, antibiotic supplemented without vaccination and vaccination without antibiotic supplemented treatments, respectively was 66.2 g, 65.7 g, 66.9 g, 66.9 g and 70.4 g/day, respectively), and was significantly higher for the without antibiotic supplemented treatment (P<0.01). Daily weight gain (DWG) was significantly higher for the antibiotic and garlic supplemented treatments compared to the un-supplemented treatment of antibiotics (P<0.01). However, there was non-significant difference among control and garlic supplemented treatments. Feed conversion ratios (FCR, kg feed /kg gain) and feed cost (VND/kg gain) was significantly lower for the control (antibiotic and vaccination), garlic supplemented treatments compared to the un-supplemented treatment of antibiotcs (P<0.01). Mortality was higher for the un-supplemented treatment of antibiotcs (10.0 %) compared to the antibiotic and garlic supplementation (0 and 8.3%). Supplementation of garlic and antibiotics improved immune capacity, performance and economic efficiency of broiler chickens.

Keywords: Luongphuong broilers, garlic juice, dried garlic, antibiotic, natural-antibiotic.