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MEKARN Conference 2010 |
From November 2009 to June 2010, two experiments have been done in Vinh Phu commune, Phu Vang district and Thua Thien Hue province.
Experiment 1: Ensiling taro foliage and sweet potato vines:
ETS: Ensiled taro leaf + petiole in ratios as found in the plant
ESP-TS: Ensiled Taro leaf + petiole with sweet potato vines: Equal proportions
of taro foliage and sweet potato vines (50:50) (in DM).
No additive for ensiling. Take samples and measure pH at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days
ensiled, and measure DM and crude protein at 0 and 21 days ensiled.
Results shown that: pH of the ensiled mass have reducing very quickly from first day to seven days, after that pH were slowly reducing: For ETS, pH at 0 day: 5.92; at 7 days: 4.26; at 14 days: 3.72; at 21 days: 3.09 and at 28 days: 2.79; For ESP-TS: 5.98; 4.21; 3.75; 3.16 and 2.79 respectively and non significant different between treatments (P>0.05).
For dry matter and crude protein non significant different between 0 and 21 days of ensiled (DM of ETS at 0 day was 17.67%, at 21 days was 17.86% (P>0.05); CP: 0 day was 17.89% in DM and at 21 days was 17.49% (P>0.05);
ESP-TS: for DM: at 0 day was 18.53% and 21 days was 18.66% (P>0.05); for CP: at 0 day was 18.12% and at 21 days was 18.22% in DM (P>0.05)
Experimental 2: Selected 16 local MC sows and divided into 4 treatments (4 MC sows/ treatment)
- Treatment 1 (ETS): Diet consists of 50 % the ensiled taro leafs + Petioles and 50% rice bran (in DM).
- Treatment 2 (ESP-TS): Diet consists of 50 % mix ensiled Taro leafs + Petioles with Sweet potato vines and 50 % rice bran (in DM).
- Treatment 3 (ETSD): Diet consists of 47.5 % the ensiled taro leafs + Petiole and 47.5% rice bran + 5% Distiller wastes (in DM).
- Treatment 4 (ESP-TSD): Diet consists of 47.5 % mix ensiled Taro leafs + petioles with Sweet potato vines and 47.5 % rice bran + 5% Distiller wastes (in DM).
Results shown that: Litter size at birth, birth weight, weaning weight, weaning ages of piglets were non significant between treatments (P>0.05); Milk yield, FCR for produce 1 kg of LW of piglets, re-mating after weaning piglets, number of litter/ per sow/ per year and benefit of the sows were non significant different between treatments. It is mean that when used ensiled taro leaves and petioles with 5% distiller wastes or used mix ensiled taro leaves + petioles with sweet potato vines with 5% distiller wastes for supplements to rice bran and replacements 50% rice bran in the diets but not affected, and without made reducing reproductive performance of MC sows kept in smallholder in Central Vietnam.
Conclusion: Mong Cai sows can be rearing by completely local feed resources and by products from Agronomy
Key words: Ensiled taro leaves and petioles and mix ensiled; distiller wastes, Mong Cai sows.
Table 1. pH changing during ensiled mass
|
|
0 day |
7 days |
14 days |
21 days |
28 days |
|
Ensiled of taro leaves + petioles (ETS) |
5.92±0.05 |
4.26± 0.03 |
3.72± 0.01 |
3.09± 0.05 |
2.79± 0.02 |
|
Ensiled taro leaves + petioles + sweet potato vines (ESP-TS) |
5.98± 0.03 |
4.21± 0.03 |
3.75± 0.02 |
3.16± 0.02 |
2.79± 0.02 |
|
P |
0.274 |
0.163 |
0.140 |
0.289 |
0.800 |
Table 2. Dry meter and crude protein of ensiled mass
|
Ensiled mass |
Dry matter (%) |
Crude protein (%) |
||
|
|
0 day |
21 days |
0 day |
21 days |
|
Ensiled of taro leaves + petioles (ETS) |
17.67± 0.03 |
17.86± 0.02 |
17.89± 0.02 |
17.49± 0.07 |
|
Ensiled taro leaves + petioles + sweet potato vines (ESP-TS) |
18.53± 0.06 |
18.66± 0.05 |
18.12± 0.25 |
18.22± 0.27 |
Table 3. Sow reproductive performance between ensiled diets
|
no |
Parameters |
units |
ETS |
ESP-TS |
ETSD |
ESP-TSD |
P |
|
1 |
Litter size at birth |
piglet |
12.75±0.25 |
13.25±0.25 |
12.25±0.48 |
12.00±0.58 |
0.203 |
|
|
Born alive |
Piglet/litt |
12.25±0.25 |
12.50±0.29 |
10.75±0.48 |
10.75±0.48 |
0.010 |
|
|
Ratio born alive |
% |
96.15±2.22 |
94.37±1.88 |
87.79±2.24 |
89.69±1.72 |
0.042 |
|
2 |
Birth weight |
Kg/piglet |
0.651±0.01 |
0.654±0.02 |
0.678±0.01 |
0.679±0.01 |
0.273 |
|
3 |
Total LW at 21 days |
Kg/ litter |
26.78±0.58 |
27.88±0.43 |
26.55±0.85 |
26.63±0.55 |
0.841 |
|
4 |
Milk production |
Kg/ day |
2.82±0.0.08 |
2.93±0.09 |
2.85±0.09 |
2.83±0.09 |
0.806 |
|
5 |
Litter size at weaning |
piglet |
10.75± 0.25 |
11.25± 0.25 |
10.00 ±0.41 |
10.00± 0.00 |
0.016 |
|
|
Weaning rate |
% |
87.82±2.24 |
90.06±1.82 |
93.14±2.31 |
93.56±4.03 |
0.433 |
|
6 |
Weaning weight |
Kg |
6.93±0.22 |
6.84±0.13 |
7.18±0.07 |
7.20±0.16 |
0.280 |
|
|
Weaning age |
days |
44.25 ±0.75 |
44.25± 0.75 |
44.75± 0.25 |
44.75± 0.25 |
0.848 |
|
7 |
FCR |
Kg feed |
4.66±0.16 |
4.49±0.09 |
4.57±0.11 |
4.71±0.10 |
0.567 |
|
8 |
Time for re-mating |
days |
7.50±0.65 |
7.75±0.85 |
7.50±0.50 |
8.00±0.58 |
0.939 |
|
|
Reproductive cycle |
days |
166.25±0.48 |
166.25±0.48 |
166.00±0.22 |
166.00 ±1.22 |
0.995 |
|
9 |
Number litter/ year |
litters |
2.20±0.00 |
2.20±0.01 |
2.20±0.01 |
2.19±0.01 |
0.624 |
|
10 |
Income from sold piglet |
millions vnd |
2.38 ±0.08 |
2.41±0.04 |
2.46±0.08 |
2.30±0.05 |
0.452 |
|
11 |
Total cost |
millions |
1.77±0.01 |
1.69±0.02 |
1.79±0.02 |
1.69±0.02 |
0.007 |
|
12 |
Benefit |
millions |
0.62± 0.08 |
0.72 ±0.04 |
0.67 ±0.06 |
0.61 ±0.05 |
0.551 |