|
MEKARN Workshop 2009: Livestock, Climate Change and the Environment |
The present study was aimed at identifying current situation of chicken manure used at households in the Red River Delta as well as determing effects of composting treatment on the quality of industrial chicken manure. Chicken manure was composted according to 2 methods: dry and wet composting with molasses, rice bran, tapioca added. Formulae I, II, III were treated with EM (Effective Microorganisms), and IV without EM. Quantity of manure before and 3, 4 and 5 weeks after treatment was determined. Manure samples were taken and analyzed at laboratory to determine the contents of protein, DM, total ash, calcium and phosphorus.
Results showed that every year industrial chicken raising farms in the Red River Delta produced about 253,299 tons of manure. The protein content in the manure was fairly high (13.9-16.6 %). The contents of DM, total ash, calcium, fibrous were considerablly high. Most of farming households used fresh manure with 55.86% for fish raising, 25.26% for crops planting; 16.86% for rice fertilizing; and tree planting with 2.02%. Very little manure was treated before use. The situation caused pollution to the environment and threatened biological security.
During composting process, quantity of chicken manure reduced from 20 to 35%, depending on dry or wet composting method; the temperature of the composting pile reached 57-58oC after one week, then decreased. The pH level of the composting pile constantly reduced by 5.0-6.4% after 5 weeks, depending on the composting method. After 4 weeks, the color and smell of the manure were obviously improved. It was concluded that composting improved the nutritional and biological value of chicken manure with the best value reached after 4 weeks. The dry composting method resulted in higher quality for chicken manure than the wet method. Composting chicken manure supplemented with molasses, rice bran or cassava meal and EM enhanced the quality of manure.