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Livestock-Based Farming Systems, Renewable Resources and the Environment |
Twenty Mong Cai sows (3rd -6 parity and live weight about 70-90 kg) was selected to carry out the on farm, allocated randomly into four groups, with each group consisting of 5 pigs. The pigs were kept individually in concrete floor pens. All Mong Cai sows in each group were mated by AI with the semen of the same a Large White boar. The trial was designed as complete randomized block with 4 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatment control (basal diet): Basal diet contains rice bran, cassava root meal, concentrated feed, rice and sweet potato vines. Treatment 2 (EBS30): 30 % DM of basal diet replaced by 30 % DM from ensiled banana pseudo-stems. Treatment 3 (Mix-EBTS30): 30 % DM of basal diet replaced by 30 % DM from a mixture of 50 % ensiled banana pseudo-stems and 50 % taro foliage in DM. Treatment 4 (Mix-ETSC): Basal diet with 100 % of protein from concentrated feed replaced by protein from a mixture of 50 % ensiled taro foliage and 50 % ensiled cassava leaves in DM. The feed allowance was fixed at 2.5 % of body weight in pregnancy and ad libitum in lactation. Protein level was 12 % in DM in the diets for pregnancy and 13 % for lactation.
The results showed that there were no significant differences in DM, CP intake among treatments for period pregnancy and CP in take for lactation period of Mong cai sows (P>0.05). However, DM intake was lower significant for lactation period and total CF intake significant increased with using 30 % amount of DM from ensiled banana pseudo-stems or from a mixture of ensiled banana pseudo-stems and taro foliage in diet of Mong Cai sows and in Mix ETSC diet (P<0.05). The results also showed that no significant dietary treatment effects were found for any of piglet performance at birth. The total mean number of piglets born per litter was 11.8, 11.6, 12.8 and 10.2 in treatments control, EBS30, Mix- EBT30 and Mix-ETSC, respectively (P=0.389). Similar, there were no significant differences in total litter size, total litter weight and percentage mortality among treatments at weaning. The total mean number of piglets per litter at weaning was 11.8, 9.8, 11.2 and 9.6 in treatments control, EBS30, Mix- EBT30 and Mix-ETSC, respectively (P=0.427). There were significant differences in mean piglet live weight at birth and at weaning, the mean piglet live weight were decreased with using 30 % amount of ensiled banana pseudo-stems or from a mixture of ensiled banana pseudo-stem in diet of Mong Cai s and taro foliage (P<0.05). No significant dietary treatment effects were found for FCR/kg piglet or any of the reproductive traits of Mong Cai sows.
It is concluded that using 30 % amount of ensiled banana pseudo-stems and from a mixture of ensiled banana pseudo-stems and taro foliage in DM or a mixture of ensiled taro foliage and cassava leaves in diet of Mong Cai sows in pregnancy and lactation without affecting reproduction criteria, measured as numbers of live piglets born and weaned, and the interval from weaning to estrus. Using 30 % amount of ensiled banana pseudo-stems and from a mixture of ensiled banana pseudo-stems or using protein from a mixture of ensiled taro foliage and cassava in diet of sows reduced feed cost/kg piglet by 4 - 5 %.