Photo1. Breeding of rabbits at Binh Duong campus
The rabbits were all supplied by Can Tho University, and were of mixed breeds between Viet Nam and New Zealand White. Fifteen rabbits were bred under the condition of climate in new urban areas of Binh Duong province. The experiment was carried out at Open University, HCM city (Binh Duong Campus) from February to July 2008 with methods:
To determine the body weights
To enumerate the quantity of red blood cells in adult rabbits
To enumerate the quantity of white blood cells in adult rabbits
To determine recipe of white blood cells in adult rabbit.
To measure pH at vaginal rabbits
To examine vaginal smears in the female rabbits
To measure body temperature at vaginal adult rabbits
To measure length of heads, bodies, tails, right helices, right feet from date of birth to adult rabbits
Based on the results of this research it is concluded that the rabbits adapted well under the condition of climate in new urban areas of Binh Duong province.
Key words: Rabbit, red blood cells, white blood cells, vaginal smears, body temperature, tails, helices, feet.
Binh Duong Province is located in the East of the South of Viet Nam. The Province borders Binh Phuoc Province to the North; Ho Chi Minh City to the South; Dong Nai Province to the East and Tay Ninh, Ho Chi Minh City to the West.
The township is Thu Dau Mot – the administrative, economic and cultural center of the Province.
The weather in Binh Duong is relatively mild and there is little of natural calamities such as storms, flood ... due to subequatorial weather conditions, high annual temperatures and plentiful sunlight.
Average height 6-60m, excluding some valleys along Sai Gon and Dong Nai Rivers, land in Binh Duong almost is free of flood and inundation.
Because of advantageous location and weather, Binh Duong is very favorable for developing breeding and trading of rabbits.
To study the adaptation of rabbit in new urban areas of Binh Duong .
The experiment was carried out at Faculty of Biotechnology, Open University, HCM city (Binh Duong Campus) from February to July, 2008 excluding adaptation and organizing period.
Fifteen rabbits used for this investigation were all supplied by Can Tho University, and were of mixed breeds between Vietnam and New Zealand White.
The rabbits were fed twice a day:
- In the morning: vegetables. Such as: Spinach, cabbage, sweet potato buds...(They were waste vegetables to get from market.)
- In the evening: vegetables and rice.
- The growth of the rabbits
The rabbits were marked and determined the body weights three days a time from weights at birth to adult weights.
- To enumerate the quantity of red blood cells in adult rabbits.
- To enumerate the quantity of white blood cells in adult rabbits.
- To determine recipe of white blood cells in adult rabbits.
- To measure pH at vaginal rabbits 3 days a time.
- Oestrus cycle in female rabbits
In order to determine estrus cycle in adult female rabbits, we got vaginal smears 3 days a time and got 3 continuous cycles.
- To measure body temperature at vaginal adult rabbits 3 days a time.
- To measure length of heads, bodies, tails, right helices, right feet 3 days a time from date of birth to adult rabbits.
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Photo1. Breeding of rabbits at Binh Duong campus |
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Table 1: Weight and gain weight/day in rabbits |
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Period (days) |
Weight (g) |
Gain weight/day (g) |
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0 - 14 |
55 - 166 |
7.9 |
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14 - 30 |
166- 382 |
13.5 |
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30 - 45 |
382 - 628 |
16.4 |
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45 - 60 |
636 - 828 |
13.3 |
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60 - 75 |
884 - 1101 |
14.5 |
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75 - 90 |
1101 - 1366 |
17.7 |
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90 - 105 |
1366 -1555 |
13.5 |
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105 - 120 |
1555 - 1711 |
10.4 |
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120 - 135 |
1711 - 1864 |
10.2 |
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135 - 150 |
1864 - 2013 |
9.9 |
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Graph 1: Gain weight/day in the rabbits. |
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Table 2: Physiological blood in adult rabbit |
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Red blood cells (million/mm3) |
5.23 ± 0.38 |
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White blood cells (thousand/mm3) |
8.61 ± 0.77 |
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Monocyte (%) |
2.40 ± 0.13 |
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Lymphocyte (%) |
23.41 ± 0.85 |
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Neutrophil (%) |
63.2 ± 1.3 |
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Eosinophil and basophil (%) |
11.23 ± 1.49 |
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Table 3: Analysis of oestrus cycle in female rabbit |
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Stage |
Duration |
pH |
Body temperature (oC) |
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Pro-oestrus |
6.5 ± 1 |
7.5 ± 0.2 |
38.4 ± 0.3 |
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Oestrus |
1.5 ± 0.5 |
7 ± 0 |
38.3 ± 0.1 |
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Metoestrus |
6.5 ± 1 |
7.6 ± 0.8 |
38.4 ± 0.3 |
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Dioestrus |
1 ± 0.5 |
7.2 ± 0.3 |
38.2 ± 0.5 |
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Average 1 cycle |
15 ± 1.5 |
7.5 ± 0.2 |
38.4 ± 0.2 |
Based on these results, we recorded that the gain weight was differ from different periods in the rabbits. From 120 to 150 days of age, we realized that the gain weight of them had a slight decreasing tendency but it was fairly stable. Average is 10.17 g. Therefore, we can predict the gain weight after 150 days of age is started the adult period and it begins to reducing.
Based on the result of table 3.4 and compared with results of Luu Trong Hieu (1991), Nguyen Thi Vinh Chau (2008), we realized that, the rabbits were bred in Binh Duong have a norm of Physiological blood normally.
Oestrus cycle averages 15 ± 1.5 days in female rabbit. The stage of “oestrus” happens in a span of short time. Average of this stage is 1.5 ± 1.5 days. And average pH was measured at vagina is 7 ± 0. Base on practical results and result of ANOVA table, we recorded that the average pH of this stage is lower than others. This difference has signification.
The body temperature averages 38.4 ± 0.2. The different stages has different body temperatures but followed the result of ANOVA table, this difference has not signification.
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Figure1: Dioestrus
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At this stage of the oestrus cycle, there is a lot of little material to be observed. There are few intact cells to be found. Some basal and intermediary cells can appear.
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I: Basal cell; II, III: Intermediary cells
Figure 2: Transition from Dioestrus to Pro-oestrus
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At this stage of the oestrous cycle, there is considerably more mucus at this stage, often present as thick strands. Most of the cells present are basal cells, intermediary cells can also be observed.
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I: Intermediary cell; II: Superficial cell ; III:Keratinized cell
Figure 3: Pro-oestrus
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The smear is clear and dominated by cells. These consist of intermediary cells, superficial cells and keratinized cells.
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I: Keratinized cell
Figure 4: Oestrus
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At this stage of the oestrous cycle, the smear consists nearly entirely of keratinized cells that lie singly or form groups, superficial cells can also be observed.
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I: Leucocyte; II,III: Intermediary cells ; IV: Basal cell
Figure 5: The Transition from Oestrus to Metoestrus
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Although flakes of keratinized cells are still present, this stage is characterized by the presence of leucocytes and intermediary cells.
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I: Leucocyte; II, III. Intermediary cells
Figure 6: Metoestrus
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At this stage of the cycle is dominated by leucocytes, often in large numbers, and intermediary cells.
Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the rabbits grew and developed normally in Binh Duong province, especially in new urban areas.
However, the rabbits were fed with free ration of food that gained weight less than the others were fed with logical ration of food.
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Alvin Nason, Philip Goldstein 1969 Biology Introduction to life, Addison – werley Publishing, Inc. Phillippines, p. 473 – 543.
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