MEKARN MSc 2005-2007

Back to contents

Cassava hay production and its supplementation

Cassava hay production and its supplementation effect on swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Lao PDR

Ammaly Phengvilaysouk

Livestock Research Centre, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry PO Box 811 Vientiane Lao PDR.

ammalyp@yahoo.com

Abstract

Experiments were conducted at theLivestock Research Centre Vientiane Lao PDR to study cassava hay production and effect on supplementation of cassava hay and coconut oil on rumen ecology, digestibility and feed intake in swamp buffalo

Experiment I was arranged in a Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 6 replications of 2 treatments: IC2: initial harvesting of cassava foliage at 2 months with subsequent harvesting at every 2 months until the age of 8 months. IC4: initial harvesting of cassava foliage at 4 months with subsequent harvesting at every 2 months until the age of 8 months. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of these two treatments, on cassava hay yield and chemical composition under the rain-fed conditions of Lao PDR. It is concluded that different initial ages of harvesting of cassava foliage had no major effect on cassava foliage quantity (7.1 vs 6.5 tonnes/ha for IC2 and IC4, respectively), but affected the chemical composition of cassava foliage, especially crude protein 21.5% vs 20.5%, respectively, and neutral-detergent fiber 48.1% vs 52.4%, respectively. Cultivating cassava foliage for cassava hay making, as a protein source for swamp buffaloes could be beneficial for small-holder farmers.

Experiment II was carried out to investigate the effect of coconut oil and cassava hay supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and rumen ecology in swamp buffaloes. Four male swamp buffaloes were assigned in a 4*4 Latin square design which consisted of 4 replications and 4 treatments. The treatments were: C: control, fed rice straw ad libitum (no supplementation). CH: fed rice straw ad libitum plus cassava hay supplementation at 1 kg/hd/d. CO: fed rice straw ad libitum plus coconut oil supplementation at 2 ml/kg of BW. CH+CO: fed rice straw ad libitum plus cassava hay at 1 kg/hd/d plus coconut oil at 2 ml/kg of BW. It was found that supplementation of cassava hay resulted in significantly improved feed intake and digestibility in swamp buffaloes. Supplementation of coconut oil improved rumen fermentation in terms of fermentation end-products, and significantly reduced the protozoa population in the rumen. In contrast with the reduction of protozoa, the numbers of bacteria increased. Therefore, supplementing cassava hay in combination with coconut oil can improve rumen ecology of swamp buffalo.

Keywords: Cassava foliage; initial harvesting ; chemical composition; swamp buffalo; cassava hay; coconut oil; digestibility; rumen ecology.