Guidelines for tropical feeding systems

 

 1 General considerations

                                1.1 Introduction

1.2 Limitations to "conventional" feeding standards

1.3 An alternative approach

1.4  Relating nutrient supply to productive state

2 Guidelines for developing feeding strategies for ruminants

2.1  Feeding the rumen microbes

2.1.1 Multi-nutrient blocks

2.1.2 Urea-molasses mixtures

2.1.2 Supplements of ‘green” forage

2.2 Feeding the animal

2.2.1 Sources of bypass nutrients

3 Feeding systems based on crop residues (straw, fibrous residues and stovers)

3.1 High-offer level feeding

3.2 Ammonification

3.3 Manipulating rumen protozoal populations

3.4 Strategic supplementation

 

4 Feeding systems based on high-biomass crops

4.1 Sugar cane

4.2 Molasses

4.3 Cassava

 

5 Feeding systems based on pasture

5.1 The grazing animal and sustainable use of natural resources

5.2 Multipurpose trees

5.2 The nutritive value of pasture associated with trees

5.2.1  Effects of shade

5.2.2 Supplementation

5.2.3 Mixed crop-tree-livestock systems

6 Dual-purpose milk and meat production systems

                6.1 The principles; matching the system with the available resources

                6.2 Restricted suckling; effects on calves and on the cow

 

Literature

Matching Livestock Systems with Available Resources (Preston and Leng)

Raising and sustaining productivity of smallholder farming systems in the tropics (Willem C Beets; 1990, Agbé Publishing, Holland)

Regenerating agriculture: Jules Pretty